6 Procedures at Trial

CrRLJ 6.1.1: TRIAL BY JURY

(a) Trial by Jury.

Cases required to be tried by a jury shall be so tried unless the defendant files a written waiver of a jury trial, and has consent of the court.

(b) Demand by Prosecution.

The prosecuting authority may demand a jury trial when authorized by law. The demand shall be in writing and filed with the court within 15 days after the defendant is arraigned. Notice of the demand shall be served upon the defendant promptly thereafter.

The number of persons serving on a jury shall be six, not including alternates.

(d) Juror Unable To Continue.

If a case has not yet been submitted to the jury and a juror is unable to continue and no alternate jurors were selected or none are available, or if a case has been submitted to the jury and a juror is unable to continue, all defendants may elect to continue with the remaining jurors. The court shall declare a mistrial for any defendant who does not elect to continue with the remaining jurors. If some, but not all, defendants elect to continue with the trial, the court shall proceed with the trial for those defendants unless the court determines manifest necessity requires a mistrial.

CrRLJ 6.1.2: TRIAL BY THE COURT

(a) Trial Without Jury.

In a case tried without a jury, the court shall state separately findings of fact and conclusions of law.

(b) Stipulation or Submittal.

A defendant, with the approval of the prosecuting authority, may submit his or her case upon the police report and other materials by stipulating to the admissibility thereof in lieu of testimony. A written statement of the defendant in substantially the form set forth below may be filed:

STATE OF WASHINGTON COUNTY OF______________, ) Case No. ______ THE STATE OF WASHINGTON, ) CITY OR TOWN OF________, ) Plaintiff, ) STATEMENT OF DEFENDANT v. ) ON SUBMITTAL OR _______________, ) STIPULATION OF FACTS Defendant. ) I am the defendant in this case. I wish to submit the case on the record. I understand that this means that the judge will read the police report and other materials and, based upon that evidence, the judge will decide if I am guilty of the crime(s) of ___________________________. I understand that, by this process, I am giving up the constitutional right to a jury trial, the right to hear and question witnesses, the right to call witnesses in my own behalf, and the right to testify or not to testify. I understand that the maximum sentence for the crime(s) is ______________________________________________________________________ and that the judge can impose any sentence up to the maximum, no matter what the prosecution or the defense recommends. No one has made any threats or promises to get me to submit this case other than the prosecuting authority's promise to take the following action and/or make the following recommendations: ______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. Dated this _______ day of ____________________, 19____. _________________________________ Defendant ________________________________ _________________________________ For the Prosecuting Authority Lawyer for Defendant

CrRLJ 6.1.3: ORDER OF TRIAL

The order of trial shall be as follows, where applicable:

(a) The jury shall be sworn well and truly to try the case.

(b) Unless both parties waive opening statements, the prosecuting authority shall make the opening statement outlining the evidence which will be offered by the prosecution, and the defense may immediately thereafter make an opening statement or such opening statement may be reserved until after the conclusion of the prosecutions case in chief.

(d) The defense may challenge the sufficiency of the evidence at the close of the prosecutions case in chief, and, if sustained, the case shall be dismissed; otherwise, the defense may then offer its evidence.

(e) The parties may thereafter offer evidence in rebuttal and surrebuttal. The court, for good cause shown or in the interest of justice, may permit the parties to offer evidence upon their original cases.

(f) The instructions shall be given prior to closing argument.

(g) The prosecution may argue its case after which the defense may argue followed by the prosecutions rebuttal. The length of time of all arguments shall be fixed by the court in its discretion and announced before the arguments are commenced. Equal time shall be allowed each party.

(h) After argument, the jury shall retire to consider its verdict, or the court shall state its findings of fact and conclusions of law.

CrRLJ 6.2: JURORS' ORIENTATION

All jurors shall be given a general orientation when they report for jury. A copy of the Jurors Handbook to Washington Courts prepared by the Superior Court Judges' Association of the State of Washington and the District and Municipal Court Judges' Association should be provided to all jurors.

CrRLJ 6.3: SELECTING THE JURY

When the case is called for trial, the jurors shall be selected at random from the jurors summoned who have appeared and have not been excused.

CrRLJ 6.4: CHALLENGES

(a) Challenges to the Entire Panel.

Challenges to the entire panel shall only be sustained for a material departure from the procedures prescribed by law for their selection.

(b) Voir Dire.

A voir dire examination shall be conducted under oath for the purpose of discovering any basis for challenge for cause and for the purpose of gaining knowledge to enable an intelligent exercise of peremptory challenges. The judge shall initiate the voir dire examination by identifying the parties and their respective lawyers and by briefly outlining the nature of the case. The judge and the lawyers may then ask the prospective jurors questions touching their qualifications to serve as jurors in the case, subject to the supervision of the court as appropriate to the facts of the case.

(1) If the judge after examination of any juror is of the opinion that grounds for challenge are present, he or she shall excuse that juror from the trial of the case. If the judge does not excuse the juror, any party may challenge the juror for cause. (2) RCW 4.44.150 through 4.44.190 shall govern challenges for cause.

(d) Exceptions to Challenge.

(1) Determination. The challenge may be excepted to by the adverse party for insufficiency and, if so, the court shall determine the sufficiency thereof, assuming the facts alleged therein to be true. The challenge may be denied by the adverse party and, if so, the court shall try the issue and determine the laws and the facts. (2) Trial of Challenges. Upon trial of a challenge, the rules of evidence applicable to testimony offered upon the trial of an ordinary issue of fact shall govern. The juror challenged, or any other person otherwise competent, may be examined as a witness by either party. If a challenge be determined to be sufficient, or if found to be true, as the case may be, it shall be allowed, and the juror to whom it was taken excluded; but if not so determined or found otherwise, it shall be disallowed.

(e) Peremptory Challenges.

(1) Peremptory Challenges Defined. A peremptory challenge is an objection to a juror for which there is no reason given, but upon which the court shall exclude the juror. The defense and the prosecuting authority may peremptorily challenge three jurors each. When several defendants are on trial together, each defendant shall be entitled to one challenge in addition to the number of challenges provided above, with discretion in the trial judge to afford the prosecuting authority such additional challenges as circumstances warrant. (2) Peremptory Challenges--How Taken. After prospective jurors have been passed for cause, peremptory challenges shall be exercised alternately first by the prosecution then by each defendant, until the peremptory challenges are exhausted or the jury accepted. Acceptance of the jury as presently constituted shall not waive any remaining peremptory challenges to jurors subsequently called.

CrRLJ 6.5: ALTERNATE JURORS

When the jury is selected the court may direct the selection of one or more additional jurors, in its discretion, to be known as alternate jurors. Each party shall be entitled to one peremptory challenge for each alternate juror to be selected. When several defendants are on trial together, each defendant shall be entitled to one challenge in addition to the challenge provided above, with discretion in the trial judge to afford the prosecuting authority such additional challenges as circumstances warrant. If at any time before submission of the case to the jury a juror is found unable to perform his or her duties the court shall order the juror discharged, and the clerk shall draw the name of an alternate who shall take the jurors place on the jury.

CrRLJ 6.6: JURORS' OATH

The jury shall be sworn or affirmed well and truly to try the issue between the prosecuting authority and the defendant, according to the evidence and instructions by the court.

CrRLJ 6.7: CUSTODY OF JURY

(a) Generally.

During trial and deliberations the jury may be allowed to separate unless good cause is shown, on the record, for sequestration of the jury.

(b) Communication Restricted.

Unless the jury is allowed to separate, the jurors shall be kept together under the charge of one or more officers until they agree upon their verdict or are discharged by the court. The officer shall keep the jurors separate from other persons and shall not allow any communication which may affect the case to be made to the jurors, nor make any himself or herself, unless by order of the court, except to ask the jurors if they have agreed upon their verdict. The officer shall not, before the verdict is rendered, communicate to any person the state of the jurors' deliberations or their verdict.

Any motions or proceedings concerning the separation or sequestration of the jury shall be made out of the presence of the jury.

CrRLJ 6.8: NOTE-TAKING BY JURORS

In all cases, jurors shall be allowed to take written notes regarding the evidence presented to them and keep these notes with them during their deliberation. The court may allow jurors to keep these notes with them in the jury room during recesses, in which case jurors may review their own notes but may not share or discuss the notes with other jurors until they begin deliberating. Such notes should be treated as confidential between the jurors making them and their fellow jurors, and shall be destroyed immediately after the verdict is rendered.

[Adopted effective September 1, 1987; amended effective October 1, 2002.]

CrRLJ 6.9: VIEW OF PREMISES BY JURY

The court may allow the jury to view the place in which any material fact occurred. In such event it shall order the jury to be conducted in a body, in the custody of a proper officer of the court to the place which shall be shown to them by the judge. The defendant shall be present at the view. During the view, no person other than the judge or person authorized by the judge shall speak to the jury on any subject relating to the trial.

CrRLJ 6.10: DISCHARGE OF THE JURY

The jury may be discharged by the court on consent of both parties or when it appears that there is no reasonable probability of their reaching agreement.

CrRLJ 6.11: JUDGE--DISABILITY

(a) Disability of Judge During Jury Trial.

If, before the judge submits the cause to the jury, he or she is unable to continue with the trial, any other judge assigned to or regularly sitting in the court, upon becoming familiar with the record of the trial, may proceed with the trial. Upon defendant's objection to the replacement, a mistrial shall be granted. If, after the judge submits the case to the jury, he or she is unable to continue, the case shall proceed before another judge.

(b) Disability of Judge During Nonjury Trial.

If a judge before whom trial without jury has commenced is unable to proceed with the trial, a mistrial shall be granted.

CrRLJ 6.12: WITNESSES

(a) Who May Testify.

Any person may be a witness in any action or proceeding under these rules except as hereinafter provided or as provided in the Rules of Evidence.

(b) When Excused.

A witness subpoenaed to attend in a criminal case is dismissed and excused from further attendance as soon as he or she has given his or her testimony in chief and has been cross-examined thereon, unless either party makes request in open court that the witness remain in attendance; and witness fees will not be allowed any witness after the day on which his or her testimony is given, except when the witness has in open court been required to remain in further attendance.

The following persons are incompetent to testify: (1) those who are of unsound mind, or intoxicated at the time of their production for examination; and (2) those who do not have the capacity of receiving just impressions of the facts about which they are examined or who do not have the capacity of relating them truly. This shall not affect any recognized privileges.

(d) Not Excluded on Grounds of Interest.

No person offered as a witness shall be excluded from giving evidence by reason of his or her interest in the result of the action, as a party thereto or otherwise, but such interest may be shown to affect his or her credibility.

CrRLJ 6.13: Evidence

(in Word Format)

CrRLJ 6.14: IMMUNITY

In any case, the court on motion of the prosecuting authority may order that a witness shall not be excused from giving testimony or producing any papers, documents or things, on the ground that such testimony may tend to incriminate or subject the witness to a penalty or forfeiture arising from the commission of a gross misdemeanor, misdemeanor, or traffic infraction; but the witness shall not be prosecuted or subjected to criminal penalty or forfeiture for or on account of any gross misdemeanor, misdemeanor, or traffic infraction concerning which the witness has been ordered to testify pursuant to this rule. If such testimony may tend to incriminate or subject the witness to a penalty or forfeiture arising from the commission of a felony, immunity may only be sought with the concurrence of the prosecuting authority in whose county the offense occurred. The witness may nevertheless be prosecuted for failing to comply with the order to answer, or for perjury or the giving of false evidence.

CrRLJ 6.15: INSTRUCTIONS AND ARGUMENT

(a) Proposed Instructions.

Unless otherwise ordered by the court, proposed jury instructions shall be served and filed when a case is called for trial by serving one copy upon the lawyer for each party, by filing one copy with the clerk, and by delivering the original and one additional copy for each party to the trial judge. Additional instructions, which could not be reasonably anticipated, shall be served and filed at any time before the court has instructed the jury. Each proposed instruction shall be on a separate sheet of paper. The original shall not be numbered nor include citations of authority. A court of limited jurisdiction may adopt local rules permitting certain instructions to be requested by number from any published book of instructions.

(b) Objections to Instructions.

Before instructing the jury, the court shall supply the lawyers with copies of the proposed instructions, verdict and special finding forms. The court shall afford the lawyers an opportunity in the absence of the jury to object to the giving of any instructions and the refusal to give a requested instruction or submission of a verdict or special finding form. The party objecting shall state the reasons for the objection, identifying the instruction and specifying the particular part of the instruction to be given or refused. The court shall provide the lawyer for each party with a copy of the instructions in final form.

The court shall read the instructions to the jury. The prosecuting authority may then address the jury after which the defense may address the jury followed by the prosecuting authority's rebuttal.

(d) Deliberation.

After argument, the jury shall retire to consider the verdict. The jury shall take with it the instructions given, all exhibits received in evidence, and a verdict form or forms.

(e) Questions from Jury During Deliberations.

(1) The jury shall be instructed that any question it wishes to ask the court about the instructions or evidence should be signed, dated and submitted in writing to the bailiff. The court shall notify the parties of the contents of the questions and provide them an opportunity to comment upon an appropriate response. Written questions from the jury, the court’s response and any objections thereto shall be made a part of the record. The court shall respond to all questions from a deliberating jury in open court or in writing. In its discretion, the court may grant a jury’s request to rehear or replay evidence, but should do so in a way that is least likely to be seen as a comment on the evidence, in a way that is not unfairly prejudicial and in a way that minimizes the possibility that jurors will give undue weight to such evidence. Any additional instruction upon any point of law shall be given in writing. (2) After jury deliberations have begun, the court shall not instruct the jury in such a way as to suggest the need for agreement, the consequences of no agreement, or the length of time a jury will be required to deliberate.

(f) Several Offenses.

The verdict forms for an offense charged or necessarily included in the offense charged or an attempt to commit either the offense charged or any offense necessarily included therein may be submitted to the jury.

[Adopted effective September 1, 1987; amended effective October 1, 2002.]

CrRLJ 6.16: Verdicts and Findings

(a) Verdicts.

(1) Several Defendants. If there are two or more defendants, the jury at any time during its deliberations may return a verdict or verdicts with respect to a defendant or defendants as to whom it has agreed; if a jury cannot agree with respect to all, the defendant or defendants as to whom it does not agree may be tried again. (2) Return of Verdict. When all members of the jury agree upon a verdict of guilty or not guilty, the presiding juror shall complete and sign the verdict form and return it to the judge in open court. (3) Poll of Jurors. When a verdict or special finding is returned and before it is recorded, the jury shall be polled at the request of any party or upon the courts own motion. If at the conclusion of the poll, all of the jurors do not concur, the jury may be directed to retire for further deliberations or may be discharged by the court.

(b) Special Findings.

The court may submit to the jury forms for such special findings which may be required or authorized by law. The court shall give such instruction as may be necessary to enable the jury both to make these special findings or verdicts and to render a general verdict. When a special finding is inconsistent with another special finding or with the general verdict, the court may order the jury to retire for further consideration.

(1) Procedure When Verdict Received. If a defendant is acquitted of a crime by reason of insanity, the court shall either direct the defendant's release or shall order the defendant's hospitalization or an appropriate alternative treatment as mandated by RCW 10.77.110. Prior to the entry of an appropriate order releasing or detaining the defendant, the court shall advise the defendant: (i) of the need to surrender any firearm and any concealed pistol license, and of the prohibition upon the possession of any firearm or of a concealed pistol license; (ii) of the time limits on the right to collateral attack imposed by RCW 10.73.090 and .100; and (iii) if the defendant is acquitted of a sex offense or kidnapping offense as defined in RCW 9A.44.130, of the need to register as a sex offender or kidnapping offender. (2) Form of Notice. The form shall be in substantially the following form:

SUPERIOR COURT OF WASHINGTON FOR [ ] COUNTY STATE OF WASHINGTON, ) No. Plaintiff, ) NOT GUILTY BY REASON OF INSANITY vs. ) ACQUITTEE'S NOTICE OF ) [X] FIREARM DISABILITY _______________________, ) [X] TIME LIMITS ON COLLATERAL ATTACKS Defendant. ) [ ] SEX OFFENDER OR KIDNAPPING ) [ ] OFFENDER REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS ) TO THE ABOVE-NAMED DEFENDANT: You are hereby advised that you have been acquitted by reason of insanity of the offense of ____________________. YOU ARE ADVISED THAT YOU ARE TO IMMEDIATELY SURRENDER ANY FIREARM AND ANY CONCEALED PISTOL LICENSE AND YOU MAY NOT POSSESS A FIREARM OR A CONCEALED PISTOL LICENSE UNTIL YOUR RIGHT HAS BEEN RESTORED BY A COURT OF RECORD. You are further advised that if you wish to petition or move for collateral attack on any order of hospitalization or order mandating alternative treatment less restrictive than detention in a state hospital, including but not limited to any personal restraint petition, state habeas corpus petition, motion to vacate judgment, motion to withdraw guilty plea, motion for new trial or motion to arrest judgment, you must do so within one year of the final judgment in this matter, except as provided for in RCW 10.73.100. In re Personal Restraint of Well, 133 Wn.2d 433, 946 P.2d 750 (1997). If the following numbered paragraphs apply, they should initialed by the Defendant and the Judge. 1. General Applicability and Requirements. Because the offense which you have been acquitted of committing by reason of insanity is classified as a sex offense or kidnapping offense in RCW 9A.44.130, you will be required to register with the sheriff of the county of the state of Washington where you reside. If you are not a resident of Washington but you are a student in Washington or you are employed in Washington or you carry on a vocation in Washington, you must register with the sheriff of the county of your school, place of employment, or vocation. You must register immediately upon being acquitted by reason of insanity unless you are in custody, in which case you must register at the time of your release with the person designated by the agency that has you in custody and you must also register within 24 hours of your release with the sheriff of the county of the state of Washington where you will be residing, or if not residing in the state of Washington, where you are a student, where you are employed, or where you carry on a vocation. 2. Offenders Who Leave the State and Return: If you leave this state following your acquittal or release from custody but later move back to Washington, you must register within three business days after moving to this state or within 24 hours after doing so if you are under the jurisdiction of this state's Department of Social and Health Services. If you leave this state following your acquittal or release from custody, but later while not a resident of Washington you become employed in Washington, carry on a vocation in Washington, or attend school in Washington, you must register within three business days after attending school in this state or becoming employed or carrying out a vocation in this state, or within 24 hours after doing so if you are under the jurisdiction of this state's Department of Social and Health Services. 3. Change of Residence Within State and Leaving the State: If you change your residence within a county, you must send signed written notice of your change of residence to the sheriff within 72 hours of moving. If you change your residence to a new county within this state, you must send signed written notice of the change of address at least 14 days before moving to the county sheriff in the new county of residence and you must register with the sheriff of the new county within 24 hours of moving. You must also give signed written notice of your change of address to the sheriff of the county where last registered within 10 days of moving. If you move out of Washington State, you must send written notice within 10 days of moving to the new state or foreign country to the county sheriff with whom you last registered in Washington State. 4. Additional Requirements Upon Moving to Another State: If you move to another state, or if you work, carry on a vocation, or attend school in another state you must register a new address, fingerprints, and photograph with the new state within 10 days after establishing residence, or after beginning to work, carry on a vocation, or attend school in the new state. You must also send written notice within 10 days of moving to the new state or to a foreign country to the county sheriff with whom you last registered in Washington State. 5. Notification Requirement When Enrolling in or Employed by a Public or Private Institution of Higher Education or Common School (K-12): If you are a resident of Washington and you are admitted to a public or private institution of higher education, you shall, within 10 days of enrolling or by the first business day after arriving at the institution, whichever is earlier, notify the sheriff of the county of your residence of your intent to attend the institution. If you become employed at a public or private institution of higher education, You are required to notify the sheriff for the county of your residence of your employment by the institution within 10 days of accepting employment or by the first business day after beginning to work at the institution, whichever is earlier. If your enrollment or employment at a public or private institution of higher education is terminated, you are required to notify the sheriff for the county of your residence of your termination of enrollment or employment within 10 days of such termination. If you attend, or plan to attend, a public or private school regulated under Title 28A RCW or chapter 72.40 RCW, you are required to notify the sheriff of the county of your residence of your intent to attend the school. You must notify the sheriff within 10 days of enrolling or 10 days prior to arriving at the school to attend classes, whichever is earlier. The sheriff shall promptly notify the principal of the school. 6. Registration by a Person Who Does Not Have a Fixed Residence: Even if you do not have a fixed residence, you are required to register. Registration must occur within 24 hours of release in the county where you are being supervised if you not have a residence at the time of your release from custody. Within 48 hours, excluding weekends and holidays, after losing your fixed residence, you must send signed written notice to the sheriff of the county where you last registered. If you enter a different county and stay there for more than 24 hours, you will be required to register in the new county. You must also report in person to the sheriff of the county where you are registered on a weekly basis. The weekly report will be on a day specified by the county sheriff's office, and shall occur during normal business hours. You may be required to provide a list of the locations where you have stayed during the last seven days. The lack of a fixed residence is a factor that may be considered in determining a sex offender's risk level and shall make you subject to disclosure to the public at large pursuant to RCW 4.24.550. 7. Reporting Requirements for Persons Who Are Risk Level II or III: If you have a fixed residence and you are designated as a risk level II or III, you must report, in person, every 90 days to the sheriff of the county where you are registered. Reporting shall be on a day specified by the county sheriff's office, and shall occur during normal business hours. If you comply with the 90-day reporting requirement with no violations for at least five years in the community, you may petition the superior court to be relieved of the duty to report every 90 days. 8. Application for a Name Change: If you apply for a name change, you must submit a copy of the application to the county sheriff of the county of your residence and to the state patrol not fewer than five days before the entry of an order granting the name change. If you receive an order changing your name, you must submit a copy of the order to the county sheriff of the county of your residence and to the state patrol within five days of the entry of the order. RCW 9A.44.130(7). The warning regarding firearms has been read to the defendant. DATED: __________________________ Judge/Commissioner/Pro Tem _____________________________ Defendant's Signature Defendant's Last Name First Name Middle Name _______________________________________________________________ List any aliases _______________________________________________________________ Residential Street Address City State Zip _______________________________________________________________ Date of Birth (month/date/year) Driver's License/ID Number _______________________________________________________________ Race __________ Sex _______ Weight _______ Height ______ Eyes _________ Hair _________ Court NCIC # ___________________________________ Submit to: Dept. of Licensing, Business & Professions Firearms Unit, PO Box 9649, Olympia, WA 98507-9649 (3) Record. A verbatim record of the notice of verdict return proceedings shall be made. The clerk of the court shall forward a copy of the notice of firearm disability to the Department of Licensing, Business & Professions Firearms Unit.